Rare species contribute disproportionately to the functional structure of species assemblages
Identifieur interne : 001848 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001847; suivant : 001849Rare species contribute disproportionately to the functional structure of species assemblages
Auteurs : Rafael P. Leitão [Brésil, France] ; Jansen Zuanon [Brésil] ; Sébastien Villéger [France] ; Stephen E. Williams [Australie] ; Christopher Baraloto [États-Unis] ; Claire Fortunel [États-Unis] ; Fernando P. Mendonça [Brésil] ; David Mouillot [France, Australie]Source :
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences [ 0962-8452 ] ; 2016.
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Abstract
There is broad consensus that the diversity of functional traits within species assemblages drives several ecological processes. It is also widely recognized that rare species are the first to become extinct following human-induced disturbances. Surprisingly, however, the functional importance of rare species is still poorly understood, particularly in tropical species-rich assemblages where the majority of species are rare, and the rate of species extinction can be high. Here, we investigated the consequences of local and regional extinctions on the functional structure of species assemblages. We used three extensive datasets (stream fish from the Brazilian Amazon, rainforest trees from French Guiana, and birds from the Australian Wet Tropics) and built an integrative measure of species rarity versus commonness, combining local abundance, geographical range, and habitat breadth. Using different scenarios of species loss, we found a disproportionate impact of rare species extinction for the three groups, with significant reductions in levels of functional richness, specialization, and originality of assemblages, which may severely undermine the integrity of ecological processes. The whole breadth of functional abilities within species assemblages, which is disproportionately supported by rare species, is certainly critical in maintaining ecosystems particularly under the ongoing rapid environmental transitions.
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DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.0084
PubMed: 27053754
PubMed Central: 4843652
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Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af4"><addr-line>Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change</addr-line>,<institution>James Cook University</institution>,<addr-line>Townsville</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baraloto, Christopher" sort="Baraloto, Christopher" uniqKey="Baraloto C" first="Christopher" last="Baraloto">Christopher Baraloto</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="af6"><addr-line>INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane</addr-line>,<institution>INRA</institution>,<addr-line>Kourou</addr-line>,<country>French Guiana</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">French Guiana</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af7"><addr-line>International Center for Tropical Botany</addr-line>,<institution>Department of Biol Sci</institution>,<addr-line>FIU, Miami</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fortunel, Claire" sort="Fortunel, Claire" uniqKey="Fortunel C" first="Claire" last="Fortunel">Claire Fortunel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af8"><addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>,<institution>University of Maryland</institution>,<addr-line>College Park, MD</addr-line>,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mendonca, Fernando P" sort="Mendonca, Fernando P" uniqKey="Mendonca F" first="Fernando P." last="Mendonça">Fernando P. Mendonça</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af9"><addr-line>Instituto Federal de Educação</addr-line>,<institution>Ciência e Tecnologia</institution>,<addr-line>Presidente Figueiredo</addr-line>,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mouillot, David" sort="Mouillot, David" uniqKey="Mouillot D" first="David" last="Mouillot">David Mouillot</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af3"><addr-line>Laboratoire Biodiversité Marine et ses Usages</addr-line>,<institution>MARBEC, Université de Montpellier</institution>,<addr-line>Montpellier</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af5"><addr-line>Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies</addr-line>,<institution>James Cook University</institution>,<addr-line>Townsville</addr-line>,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences</title><idno type="ISSN">0962-8452</idno><idno type="eISSN">1471-2954</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Biodiversity</term><term>Birds (physiology)</term><term>Brazil</term><term>Conservation of Natural Resources</term><term>Extinction, Biological</term><term>Fishes (physiology)</term><term>French Guiana</term><term>Population Density</term><term>Queensland</term><term>Rainforest</term><term>Trees (physiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Arbres (physiologie)</term><term>Biodiversité</term><term>Brésil</term><term>Conservation des ressources naturelles</term><term>Densité de population</term><term>Extinction biologique</term><term>Forêt pluviale</term><term>Guyane française</term><term>Oiseaux (physiologie)</term><term>Poissons (physiologie)</term><term>Queensland</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbres</term><term>Oiseaux</term><term>Poissons</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Birds</term><term>Fishes</term><term>Trees</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Biodiversity</term><term>Brazil</term><term>Conservation of Natural Resources</term><term>Extinction, Biological</term><term>French Guiana</term><term>Population Density</term><term>Queensland</term><term>Rainforest</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Biodiversité</term><term>Brésil</term><term>Conservation des ressources naturelles</term><term>Densité de population</term><term>Extinction biologique</term><term>Forêt pluviale</term><term>Guyane française</term><term>Queensland</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>There is broad consensus that the diversity of functional traits within species assemblages drives several ecological processes. It is also widely recognized that rare species are the first to become extinct following human-induced disturbances. Surprisingly, however, the functional importance of rare species is still poorly understood, particularly in tropical species-rich assemblages where the majority of species are rare, and the rate of species extinction can be high. Here, we investigated the consequences of local and regional extinctions on the functional structure of species assemblages. We used three extensive datasets (stream fish from the Brazilian Amazon, rainforest trees from French Guiana, and birds from the Australian Wet Tropics) and built an integrative measure of species rarity versus commonness, combining local abundance, geographical range, and habitat breadth. Using different scenarios of species loss, we found a disproportionate impact of rare species extinction for the three groups, with significant reductions in levels of functional richness, specialization, and originality of assemblages, which may severely undermine the integrity of ecological processes. The whole breadth of functional abilities within species assemblages, which is disproportionately supported by rare species, is certainly critical in maintaining ecosystems particularly under the ongoing rapid environmental transitions.</p></div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Brésil</li><li>France</li><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="Brésil"><noRegion><name sortKey="Leitao, Rafael P" sort="Leitao, Rafael P" uniqKey="Leitao R" first="Rafael P." last="Leitão">Rafael P. Leitão</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Leitao, Rafael P" sort="Leitao, Rafael P" uniqKey="Leitao R" first="Rafael P." last="Leitão">Rafael P. Leitão</name><name sortKey="Mendonca, Fernando P" sort="Mendonca, Fernando P" uniqKey="Mendonca F" first="Fernando P." last="Mendonça">Fernando P. Mendonça</name><name sortKey="Zuanon, Jansen" sort="Zuanon, Jansen" uniqKey="Zuanon J" first="Jansen" last="Zuanon">Jansen Zuanon</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Leitao, Rafael P" sort="Leitao, Rafael P" uniqKey="Leitao R" first="Rafael P." last="Leitão">Rafael P. Leitão</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Mouillot, David" sort="Mouillot, David" uniqKey="Mouillot D" first="David" last="Mouillot">David Mouillot</name><name sortKey="Villeger, Sebastien" sort="Villeger, Sebastien" uniqKey="Villeger S" first="Sébastien" last="Villéger">Sébastien Villéger</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Williams, Stephen E" sort="Williams, Stephen E" uniqKey="Williams S" first="Stephen E." last="Williams">Stephen E. Williams</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Mouillot, David" sort="Mouillot, David" uniqKey="Mouillot D" first="David" last="Mouillot">David Mouillot</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Baraloto, Christopher" sort="Baraloto, Christopher" uniqKey="Baraloto C" first="Christopher" last="Baraloto">Christopher Baraloto</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Fortunel, Claire" sort="Fortunel, Claire" uniqKey="Fortunel C" first="Claire" last="Fortunel">Claire Fortunel</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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